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	<title>Networkers-online.com &#187; Bridging &amp; Switching</title>
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		<title>Option AB &#8211; Inter-AS MPLS VPN &#8211; The whole story (5) &#8211; Updated Dec 2008</title>
		<link>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/11/inter-as-option-ab-inter-as-mpls-vpn-the-whole-story-5/</link>
		<comments>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/11/inter-as-option-ab-inter-as-mpls-vpn-the-whole-story-5/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2008 22:30:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mmahmoud</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bridging & Switching]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bury the hatchet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MPLS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Routing]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://networkers-online.com/blog/?p=103</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In late 2007, Cisco introduced a new Inter-AS option; Option AB &#8211; This feature was introduced in the 12.2(33)SRC code. This feature combines the the best aspects of Option 1 (10A) and Option 2 (10B) (named type a and type b as per RFC4364 section 10 &#8220;Multi-AS Backbone&#8221;). Remember that type a (Option 1 AKA [...]


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<li><a href='http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2010/03/what-is-mpls/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: What is MPLS?'>What is MPLS?</a> <small>MPLS stands for Multi-protocol Label Switching. MPLS is a packet...</small></li>
<li><a href='http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2010/03/bgp-route-refresh-capability/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: BGP Route Refresh Capability'>BGP Route Refresh Capability</a> <small>Service Providers or Large enterprises commonly change routing policies from...</small></li>
</ol>

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		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/11/inter-as-option-ab-inter-as-mpls-vpn-the-whole-story-5/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>System MTU explained</title>
		<link>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/10/system-mtu-explained/</link>
		<comments>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/10/system-mtu-explained/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Oct 2008 17:22:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Wael Osama</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bridging & Switching]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://networkers-online.com/blog/?p=69</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By default any interface on the switch can only send or receive a frame of a maximum size 1500 byte. Some applications like (QinQ, MPLS over Ethernet) require increasing the MTU of the switches in your network to allow greater sizes because thier frames may exceed the default 1500 bytes size. You can increase the [...]


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<li><a href='http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2010/03/is-is-mtu-mismatch/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: IS-IS MTU Mismatch'>IS-IS MTU Mismatch</a> <small>IS-IS uses the concept of distributed map or database, each...</small></li>
<li><a href='http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2009/12/wikipedia-needs-donation/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: Simple Ideas Create Great Realities'>Simple Ideas Create Great Realities</a> <small>&#8220;Imagine a world in which every single person on the...</small></li>
</ol>

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		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/10/system-mtu-explained/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>What is: BPDU filter?</title>
		<link>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/08/what-is-bpdu-filter/</link>
		<comments>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/08/what-is-bpdu-filter/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Aug 2008 10:43:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Wael Osama</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bridging & Switching]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[What Is ?]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://networkers-online.com/blog/?p=50</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[BPDUs are the messages exchanged between switches to calculate the spanning tree topology. BPDU filter is a feature used to filter sending or receiving BPDUs on a switchport. It is extremely useful on those ports which are configured as portfast ports as there is no need to send or receive any BPDU messages on of [...]


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<li><a href='http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2010/03/bgp-security/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: BGP Security'>BGP Security</a> <small>BGP is a critical component of the internet, bring BGP...</small></li>
<li><a href='http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2010/03/bgp-routing-information-base-rib/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: BGP Routing Information Base (RIB)'>BGP Routing Information Base (RIB)</a> <small>BGP is an intimate friend for all service provider engineers....</small></li>
</ol>

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		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/08/what-is-bpdu-filter/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How-to: Configure Private VLANs</title>
		<link>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-private-vlans/</link>
		<comments>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-private-vlans/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Jul 2008 13:24:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Wael Osama</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bridging & Switching]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CISCO HOW-TO]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://networkers-online.com/blog/?p=39</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is a master piece post from Petr Lapukhov explaining Private VLANs; what are they ? and how to configure and troubleshoot them ?. I am sure you will never get confused by Private VLANs anymore. Private VLANs revisited Read and understand Related posts:BGP Routing Information Base (RIB) BGP is an intimate friend for all [...]


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<li><a href='http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2010/01/how-to-select-your-core-routers/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to select your core routers?'>How to select your core routers?</a> <small>This question comes to my mind every time we are...</small></li>
<li><a href='http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2010/03/bgp-4-byte-asn/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: BGP 4-Byte ASN'>BGP 4-Byte ASN</a> <small>The internet growth is awesome, day by day people recognizes...</small></li>
</ol>

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		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-private-vlans/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How-to: Configure Spanning Tree Protocol Part3</title>
		<link>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-spanning-tree-protocol-part3/</link>
		<comments>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-spanning-tree-protocol-part3/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Jul 2008 12:52:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Wael Osama</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bridging & Switching]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CISCO HOW-TO]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://networkers-online.com/blog/?p=37</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[After explaining how STP works to ensure your network is free of bridging loops in previous posts, we are going directly to a configuration example. We will use a simple topology in the diagram below and configure the switches to accomplish the tasks listed below. Task1: Configure SW0 as a root bridge for both VLAN1,2. [...]


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<li><a href='http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2010/02/mtu-and-ping-size-confusion/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: MTU and ping size confusion'>MTU and ping size confusion</a> <small>I am very glade to return back after pausing posting...</small></li>
</ol>

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		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-spanning-tree-protocol-part3/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How-to: Configure Spanning tree protocol Part2</title>
		<link>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-spanning-tree-protocol-part2/</link>
		<comments>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-spanning-tree-protocol-part2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Jul 2008 08:56:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Wael Osama</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bridging & Switching]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CISCO HOW-TO]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://networkers-online.com/blog/?p=36</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In the first post STP part1, we discussed the root bridge election process, that was the first step in calculating the spanning tree topology. Lets dive and explore step2. Step2: Best Path selection After choosing and agreeing on the root switch for the domain, each switch starts looking for the shortest path to the root [...]


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</ol>

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		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-spanning-tree-protocol-part2/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How-to: Configure spanning tree protocol (STP) Part1</title>
		<link>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-spanning-tree-protocol-stp-part1/</link>
		<comments>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/how-to-configure-spanning-tree-protocol-stp-part1/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 24 Jul 2008 21:32:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Wael Osama</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bridging & Switching]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CISCO HOW-TO]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://networkers-online.com/blog/?p=35</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As we mentioned in one of our previous posts, STP was developed to allow redundancy in the L2 network while maintaining a loop free network. Today we are going to discover how STP is actually doing this function. Step1: Electing the root bridge What is the root bridge? The root bridge is the master bridge [...]


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</ol>

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		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Spanning Tree the problem and the solution</title>
		<link>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/spanning-tree-the-problem-and-the-solution/</link>
		<comments>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/spanning-tree-the-problem-and-the-solution/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 21 Jul 2008 18:02:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Wael Osama</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bridging & Switching]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://networkers-online.com/blog/?p=33</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Spanning tree protocol or STP is used to provide redundant links in the network while preventing the danger of bridging loops. Our network below has two switches connected to each other by two FastEthernet links for redundancy. In such setups STP is essential to avoid bridging loops. The Problem:How bridging loops happen ? (STP is [...]


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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Etherchannel load balancing case study</title>
		<link>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/etherchannel-load-balancing-case-study/</link>
		<comments>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/etherchannel-load-balancing-case-study/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 21 Jul 2008 11:32:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Wael Osama</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bridging & Switching]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Case Studies]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://networkers-online.com/blog/?p=30</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Etherchannel is a very effective feature that provides redundancy and load distribution within your switching network. However failing to choose the right load distribution algorithm my leave you under utilizing your network resources. We are going to analyze how to select the load balancing method based on placement of switch and traffic type that needs [...]


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<li><a href='http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2010/03/mpls-label/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: MPLS Label Operations'>MPLS Label Operations</a> <small>In my previous post I explained what MPLS is and...</small></li>
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		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>What is: extended VLAN range?</title>
		<link>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/what-is-extended-vlan-range/</link>
		<comments>http://www.networkers-online.com/blog/2008/07/what-is-extended-vlan-range/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Jul 2008 12:19:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Wael Osama</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bridging & Switching]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[What Is ?]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://networkers-online.com/blog/?p=27</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Extended VLANs are VLANs within the range of 1006 to 4094. They are mainly used in service provider networks to allow the provisioning of number of customers. In order to configure an extended VLAN you have to follow the guideline below: Extended VLANs are used just like normal VLANs; only different range. Extended VLANs must [...]


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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
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