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Summarization in RIP and EIGRP can be configured manually using the ip summary-address command or automatically using auto-summary command. when auto summarization is in effect routers behave as shown in the steps below:
- Subnets are summarized to their classful boundary before being sent to neighbors if they are not part of the major subnet of the exit interface.
- EIGRP automatically installs a discard route in the local routing table. RIP does not install a discard route by default.
In the following example we will explore EIGRP with automatic summarization enabled:
Router1 is connected to Router2 by a serial link and each router has loopback interfaces configured as shown in following diagram
Router1 Configuration (same configuration applies to Router2)
| R1(config)#router eigrp 10 R1(config-router)#auto-summary R1(config-router)#network 131.108.0.0 R1(config-router)#network 137.99.0.0 |
Router1 routing table:
| R1(config-router)#do sh ip route eigrp 137.99.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks D 137.99.0.0/16 is a summary, 00:04:54, Null0 131.108.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks D 131.108.3.0/24 [90/2297856] via 131.108.2.2, 00:06:00, Serial1/0 D 131.108.0.0/16 is a summary, 00:05:15, Null0 |
Router2 routing table:
| R2(config-router)#do sh ip route eigrp D 137.99.0.0/16 [90/2297856] via 131.108.2.1, 00:05:29, Serial1/0 131.108.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets D 131.108.5.0 [90/2297856] via 131.108.2.1, 00:05:50, Serial1/0 |
Automatic summarization summarized:
- R1 installs discard routes pointing to null interface before sending summaries.
- R1 sends the summarized route 137.99.0.0/16 to R2.
- R1 sends 131.108.5.0/24 un-summarized because its part of the major subnet of the its exit interface.
save to my Bookmarks 🙂
Dear Wael,
Sorry if the question isn’t related to EIGRP summerization. But it’s, generally speaking, about EIGRP.
I know that we can advertise default routes into an EIGRP domain by any of the following:
1- Static default router and redistributes it under the EIGRP process.
2- Using the IP default-network.
I’ve tried the first option and it worked, everything is alright regardless of the AD of 170! But when I tried the IP default-network command, I reached the following:
R1#sh run
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0/0
ip address 172.12.123.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay interface-dlci 102
frame-relay interface-dlci 103
!
interface Serial0/1
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
router eigrp 1
network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 172.12.123.0 0.0.0.255
no auto-summary
!
ip http server
ip classless
ip default-network 10.0.0.0
R1#sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 2.2.2.0 [90/2297856] via 172.12.123.2, 00:26:41, Serial0/0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 3.3.3.0 [90/2297856] via 172.12.123.3, 00:26:41, Serial0/0
4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 4.4.4.0 [90/2300416] via 172.12.123.3, 00:26:41, Serial0/0
[90/2300416] via 172.12.123.2, 00:26:41, Serial0/0
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 5.5.5.0 [90/2297856] via 10.1.1.5, 00:00:52, Serial0/1
172.12.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D 172.12.34.0 [90/2172416] via 172.12.123.3, 00:26:41, Serial0/0
[90/2172416] via 172.12.123.2, 00:26:41, Serial0/0
C 172.12.123.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
* 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1
Notice that there is no “ip route” statement created and also there is no route marked as candidate default!
So what is the problem?
– will I have to adjust the prefix of the network 10.0.0.0/24 at the interface to be /8 for the EIGRP to know about and then use it as a default network? .. I guess not!
– will I have to adjust the network command under the EIGRP to include the /8 prefix network instead of /24 prefix and then EIGRP will now know about the network and use it with ip default-network? .. I guess not!
NOTE: I hope that you can write a post about IGPs and Candidate Default Routes! especially using the ip default-network as they are tend to be confusing.
Thanks in advance.